Q. 1. Who was Father of Computer?
Ans. The Father was of computer Charles Babage.
Q. 2. Who was Father of Laptop?
Ans. The Father of Laptop is Bill Moggridge.
Q. 3. Who was Father of Typewriter?
Ans. The Father was of Typewriter Christopher Lathem Soles.
Q. 4. What is Full Form of Basic?
Ans. Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
Q. 5. What is Windows?
Ans. Windows is a Operating System.
Q. 6. What is Computer?
Ans. Computer is an electronic device machine which can do arithmetical and logical Calculation very fast it takes few minutes data to process.
HEADING:- Measurements of Memory & Storage
(मापन के लिए स्मृति भंडारण)
👇Abbreviation (लघुरुप) 👇
8 Bit का 1 Byte होता है।
1024 Bytes का 1 Kilobyte होता है। 1024
1024 (KB) Kilobyte का 1 Megabyte होता है।
1024 (MB) Megabytes का 1 Gigabyte होता है।
1024 (GB) Gigabytes का 1 Terabyte होता है।
1024 (TB) Terabytes का 1 Petabyte होता है।
1024 (PB) Petabytes का 1 Exabyte होता है।
1024 (EB) Exabytes का 1 Zetabyte होता है।
1024 (ZB) Zetabytes का 1 Yottabyte होता है।
8 X 1024 = 8,192
1024 X 1024 = 10,48,576
8,192 X 1024 = 83,88,608
10,48,576 X 1024 = 1,07,37,41,824
83,88,608 X 1024 = 8,58,99,34,592
1,07,37,41,824 X 1024 = 10,99,51,16,27,776
8,58,99,34,592 X 1024 = 87,96,09,30,22,208
10,99,51,16,27,776 X 1024 = 11,25,89,99,06,82,624
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
(कंप्युटर की पाँच जनरेशन के बारे में विस्तार से जानिए।)
(1) Mainframe Computer
(2) Mini Computer
(3) Micro Computer
(4) Digital Computer
(5) Super Computer
👉 First Generation Vacuum Tube.
👉 Second Generation Transistor.
👉 Third Generation IC (Integrated Circuits).
👉 Fourth Generation Micro Processor.
👉 Fifth Generation (Present & Beyond)
Artificial Intelligence.
First Generation में Technology :-
(a) Vacuum Tube--(निर्वात नली) का प्रयोग हुआ (1940 से 1956) तक।
(b) Operating Speed (Millisecond Range)
(c) Programming Language Machine Language.
(d) Memory used : - Primary Memory :- Magnetic Core, Secondary Memory: Magnetic Drum, Magnetic Tape.
(e) I/O Device :- Punch Card as Input Device. Printer as Output Device के रूप में.
(f) Use : - Simple Mathematical Calculation.
(g) Computers were extremely large in size, and they required special cooling system e.g. Enivac, Edvac, Univac etc.
First Generation में इन सभी Devices का प्रयोग किया गया।
Computer uses – Computer are used for different task indifferent areas like education, business, hospital, transpiration, military etc.
1. Second Generation – में Technology – Transistor का प्रयोग हुआ। (1956 से 1963) तक।
2. Operating Speed – Microsecond (10–⁶ Second)
3. Programming Language Assembly Language.
4. Memory Used – Memory – Magnetic Core, Secondary Memory, Magnetic Drum, Magnetic Tape.
5. I/O Device :- Punch Card as Input Device as Printer Output Device.
6. Computers were used for complex scientific calculations.
7. The size cost, power requirement, heat generation decreases compared to previous generation.
8. Processing speed, storage capacity, use of the computer increase compared to previous generation e.g. IBM 1620, IBm 7094, LEO Mark III etc.
9. Advantages of Transistor Over Vacuum Tube.
i. One Transistor could replace one thousand Vacuum Tubes.
ii. Size of Transistor is 1/200 Thousand Times of Vacuum Tube.
iii. The Power Requirement of a Transistor is 1/20 Thousand Times of Vacuum Tube.
iv. Transistor are more reliable than Vacuum Tube.
Third Generation में :-
i. IC (Integrated Circuit) - (एकीकृत परिपथ) का प्रयोग हुआ (1964 से 1971) तक।
ii. Operating Speed Nano Second Range (10-⁹)
iii. Programming Language (High-Level) Fortran Cobol, Pascal. C, C++ etc.
iv. Memory Used :- Primary Memory, Semiconductor Memory (Silicon) Secondary Memory- Magnetic Tape, Magnetic Disk Like
Hard Disk etc.
v. I/O Device Keyboard as Input Device, Monitor as Output Device.
vi. Computers were used for managing popular censius, bank, insurance, company etc.
vii. Concept of Database used developed and used.
viii. Size, Cost, Power Requirement, heat generation decreased to compare to previous generation.
Processing Speed Storage Capacity, use of the computer increased compared to previous generations.
E.g. IBM 360 series ICL 900 series. Honey well 200 series etc. IC (Integrated Circuits) IC us a small silicon chip which contains large number of elctrconic compontents like transistor. Resistor, Capacitor etc. -- The Process of creation off IC is called. fabrication types of icon the basic of number of electronic components.
(a) SSI (Smalll Scale Integration (1-20) Components
(b) MSI (Medium Scale Integration (21-100 Components)
(c) LSI (Large Scale Integration) (101-1000 Components)
(d) VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)-(1001-10000 Components)
(e) ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration)(More Than 10000 Components)
Fourth Generation में Micro Processor का प्रयोग हुआ। 1971 से Present (वर्तमान में)
(1) Technology VLSI or Microprocessor
(2) Operating Speed -- Pico Second Range.
(3) Programming Language -- 4GL (problem oriented language)
(4) Memory Used :- Primary -- Semiconductor Memory, Secondary -- Mangnetic Tape, Magnetic Disk, Optical Memory, CD/DVD, Bitray Files
Memory, Pen Drive, Memory Card etc.
(5) I/o Devices:- Touch Screen, Scanner, LCD, LED, Colour Printer etc. are developed.
(6) Use :- Computer are used for different task indifferent areas like education, business, hospital, transporatation, military, etc.
(7) Micro Computers like desktop PC, Laptop , Notebook, etc are developed.
(8) The popular communication media like internet, email, mobile communication etc. were developed.
(9) Advanced user friendly web based software etc. are developed.
(10) Size, cost power requirement, heat generation decreased to previous generation e.g. IBM Desktop Pc, Hp Laptop, Acer Notebook, Mack Book.
Fifth Generation में Present & Beyond (Artificial Intelligence) -- (कृत्रिम होशियारी)-Technology :-
1. Bio Chip.
2. Operating Speed Femto Second (10-15 Seconds) Tips.
3. Programming Natural Language.
4. The computers will have AI.
5. The computers will be used in complex calculation where inteligence of the computer is required.
6. The computers will have paralled in fill fledge.
7. The computers will be based on KIPS (knowledge based Information Processing System)
Heading 1 -
सबसे पहले Computer की Speed बहुत धीमी थी। उसके बाद Computer की गति पहले वाले Computer से अधिक हुई फिर इसके बाद Computer की (Speed) गति और अधिक हुई। इसके बाद Computer की Speed (गति) पहले से और बेहतर हो गई। फिर Computer की Speed बहुत ही ज्यादा हो गई। Computer और Software की शुरुआत और उनके नाम-- कंप्यूटर की शुरुआत एक सैद्धांतिक अवधारणा के रूप में हुई थी।
Heading 2 -
सबसे पहले Computer की Speed बहुत धीमी थी। उसके बाद Computer की गति पहले वाले Computer से अधिक हुई फिर इसके बाद Computer की (Speed) गति और अधिक हुई। इसके बाद Computer की Speed (गति) पहले से और बेहतर हो गई। फिर Computer की Speed बहुत ही ज्यादा हो गई।
Computer और Software की शुरुआत और उनके नाम-- कंप्यूटर की शुरुआत एक सैद्धांतिक अवधारणा के रूप में हुई थी।
1936 में Z1 Computer
1942 में ABC Computer
1944 में Harvard Mark 1 Computer
1946 में Eniac Computer
1948 में Manchester Baby Computer & Williams Tube 1947/1948 The Transistor
1951 में Univac Computer
में IBM 701 EDPM Computer
1954 में Fortoran Computer Programming Language
1955 में EMRA & MICR
1958 में The Integrated Circuit
1962 में Spacewar Computer Game
1964 में Computer Mouse & Windows
1969 में Arpanet
1970 में Intel 1103 Computer Memory
1971 में Intel 4004 Computer Micro Procesor
1973 में The Floppy Disk
1973 में The Ethernet Computer Networking
1974/1975 में Scelbis Mark-8, Altair, IBM 5100 Computer
1976/1977 में Apple I, II & TRS-808 Commodore Pet Computer
1978 में Visicalc Spreadsheet Software
1979 में Word Star Software
1981 में IBM PC Hone Computer
1981 में Ms-Dos Computer Operating System
1983 में Apple Lisa Computer
1984 में Apple Macintosh Computer
1985 में Microsoft Windows हर वर्ष Computer में परिवर्तन होते गए।
| कंप्युटर पार्टस के नाम और फुल फॉर्म |
M/B - Motherboard
CPU - Procesor/Centeral Processing Unit
Ram - Random Access Memory
HDD - Hard Disk Drive
FDD - Floppy Disk Drive
SMPS - Switched Mode Power Supply
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LED - Light Emited Diod
VGA - Video Graphic Adapter
CD-ROM - Compact Disk Read Only Memory
USB - Universal Serial Bus
K/B - Keyboard
M/S - Mouse
👉IT - (Information Technology) 👇
👉 Windows Programs👇
Ms Paint
Notepad
Wordpad
Control Panel और भी बहुत कुछ। 👉 अंग्रेजी और हिंदी टाइपिंग👇
WPM (शब्द प्रति मिनट) 👍 CPM (अक्षर प्रति मिनट)।
👉Ms-Office 👇
Ms Word , Ms Excel , Ms Power PointMs Access।
👉D.T.P. (Desktop Publishing) )
Corel Draw, Photoshop, Page Maker, Illustrator।
👉Web Designing 👇
HTML (Hyper Text Marcup Language)DHTML (Dynamic Text Marcup Language)
JS (Java Script)
VBS (Visual Basic Script)
👍आदि सभी कोर्सेज को करने के बाद आप ऑफिसियल क्षेत्र में एक नई पहचान से बहुत अच्छी कमाई कर सकते हैं।
लेखक-अमित कुमार
डॉस/विंडोज वीडियो
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